Story summary
Before the Xi-Trump summit last week, analysts expected soybeans to be included in tariff-reduced arrangements between China and the U.S., but China excluded them from a tariff-reduction list released on September 28, 2026, despite cutting tariffs on other agricultural goods like corn, wheat, meat, and dairy. This decision disappointed American farmers, such as John Bartman, an Illinois-based soybean farmer who called it "a missed opportunity." U.S. soybeans still face an additional tariff of 10%, which traders say is too high for private crushers to absorb, even as Chinese state buyers have stepped up purchases. Despite this exclusion, both sides agreed to form a trade council to discuss reciprocal tariff cuts on $30 billion worth of products and stabilize economic ties.
Written for “US-China Tariff Cuts Deal” on 2026-10-05,
grounded in this article and the 283 other(s) covering the same event.
US President Donald Trump welcomed Chinese President Xi Jinping to the White House on Thursday for a lavish state summit expected to be heavy on symbolism but light on substance, with both leaders keen to showcase stable ties despite a deep underlying rivalry.
asserted
leaders → welcome → rivalry
Trump greeted Xi on arrival on Wednesday evening, the first time a US president has welcomed a foreign leader at Joint Base Andrews in 11 years, when President Barack Obama welcomed Pope Francis in 2015, according to C-SPAN, which tracks presidential events.
uncertain
which → greet → events
In a statement on arrival carried by China’s Xinhua news agency, Xi voiced hope for a more stable relationship with the United States, saying Beijing and Washington should be “partners, not rivals” and that the “historical logic of peaceful coexistence” between the two countries had not changed.
asserted
logic → carry → countries
For Trump, who relishes ceremony and prizes his ties with powerful leaders, the visit is as much a matter of national prestige as an opportunity for high-stakes diplomacy.
asserted
visit → relish → diplomacy
The US president aims to reciprocate the grand welcome he received in China in May and impress Xi with a ceremony spanning the White House South Lawn, State Floor and Rose Garden.
uncertain
he → aim → Lawn
Major breakthroughs are not expected.
asserted
breakthroughs → expect → ?
Analysts say tangible outcomes are likely to be limited to an extension of a trade truce expiring in November and an agreement to examine threats posed by artificial intelligence.
asserted
outcomes → say → intelligence
US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent told Fox News on Wednesday after talks with Chinese Vice Premier He Lifeng that they had agreed to extend until January 10 an agreement that paused a trade war that saw mutual tariffs top 100 per cent.
asserted
tariffs → tell → cent
People familiar with the plans say the talks could also yield deals to lower some tariffs, combat drug trafficking and expand military-to-military dialogue, while Trump is expected to seek the release of Americans and others detained in China.
uncertain
Trump → say → China
Former Deputy Secretary of State Kurt Campbell said the summit was less about substantive negotiations than a chance for two forceful leaders to project strength.
asserted
leaders → say → strength
“This is really the historical reincarnation of what we often referred to in antiquity as single combat — really powerful guys, each representing their civilisations, kind of measuring and going toe to toe,” said Campbell.
asserted
Campbell → refer → toe
Keeping ties stable
Xi appears to be in a stronger position, having overseen a surge in China’s trade and controlling supplies of rare earth minerals that give him a powerful source of leverage.
asserted
that → keep → leverage
Both leaders see advantages in keeping relations stable, with Trump mired in the unpopular Iran war and Xi grappling with domestic economic challenges.
asserted
Xi → see → challenges
But beneath the surface are challenges that could reignite tensions, including disputes over Taiwan, export controls and AI.
uncertain
that → reignite → Taiwan
Taiwan, a democratically governed island claimed by China, is the most contentious of these.
asserted
Taiwan → govern → these
US allies in Asia are concerned Trump may be tempted to soften Washington’s support for Taipei to lock in economic wins with China.
uncertain
Taipei → concern → China
Xi is expected to press Trump to halt Taiwan arms sales and could do this during a planned visit by the two to the US National Archives on Friday, sources briefed told Reuters.
uncertain
sources → expect → Reuters
In return, China is offering help to put pressure on Iran, the sources added.
asserted
sources → offer → Iran
After the May summit, Trump said he was holding in abeyance an arms package worth some $14 billion and called it a “very good negotiating chip.”
uncertain
he → say → it
The leaders will likely discuss the Iran war, but there has been little sign Beijing is willing to exert pressure on its ally to yield to US demands, despite the disruption the conflict has caused to energy supplies and trade.
asserted
conflict → discuss → supplies
Trump is seeking trade wins ahead of the midterms, and US Trade Representative Jamieson Greer said this month the countries will make “some announcements on agriculture and non-tariff barriers.”
asserted
countries → seek → agriculture
Greer said on Monday China is making progress on a commitment to buy 200 Boeing aircraft, but gave no indication that any additional orders are near.
asserted
orders → say → indication
Analysts say AI could be an area for cooperation, given its implications for national security, economic competitiveness and military capabilities, and shared US and Chinese concerns about misuse.
uncertain
AI → say → misuse
Bessent discussed AI with He Lifeng at the weekend, and US Secretary of State Marco Rubio said there was nascent thinking about “the equivalent of a hotline that we had during the Cold War” to avoid dangerous incidents that “could impact economies or societies and even lead to a conflict between nation-states.”
uncertain
that → discuss → states
However, analysts say intense competition in AI is likely to limit the scope for anything beyond symbolic agreements.
asserted
competition → say → agreements
The guest list for Thursday’s state dinner includes CEOs like Apple’s Tim Cook, Amazon’s Jeff Bezos, Alphabet’s Sundar Pichai, OpenAI’s Sam Altman, Tesla’s Elon Musk and Nvidia’s Jensen Huang, but despite such an array, people familiar with US plans say Trump is likely to maintain firm export controls on US tech Xi wants loosened.
asserted
Xi → include → tech
The Aporia
