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On October 5, 2026, three scientists were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm: Karl Deisseroth, based at Stanford University in California; Peter Hegemann, from Humboldt University in Berlin; and Georg Nagel from the University of Würzburg in Germany. The prize recognizes their groundbreaking work on optogenetics, a method that uses light to control individual nerve cells within living tissue. This technique has been pivotal in understanding brain activity and neural circuits involved in specific memories, feelings, and behaviors linked to neurological disorders. Each laureate will share the 12 million Swedish kronor (approximately $1.2 million) prize money. The week continued with announcements for other Nobel prizes across various fields from October 6-12.