A US report by the AFL-CIO Tech Institute warns that universal adoption of electronic shelf labels in grocery stores could cost between 44,223 and 191,633 jobs and result in lost wages of $1.6bn to $6.9bn annually. The policy brief argues that these labels enable surveillance pricing, which can lead to higher prices for consumers who are already struggling with rising food costs. According to the report, electronic shelf labels use the same algorithmic pricing software as online retailers, making rapid price changes easier to implement at scale. The report calls for a ban on electronic shelf labels to protect both consumers and workers.
Written by the local model on 2026-09-09,
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same event (that is the story summary below).
Story summary
The adoption of electronic shelf labels in grocery stores across the US could lead to tens of thousands of jobs lost and billions of dollars in lost wages, according to a report released by the AFL-CIO Tech Institute. Between 44,223 and 191,633 jobs are at risk, with workers potentially losing between $1.6 billion and $6.9 billion in annual wages. The labels, marketed as cost-cutting measures, actually allow retailers to collect personal data from customers and raise prices accordingly. This "surveillance pricing" system can be used to increase prices based on factors like pollen counts for allergy medication or other personal data. As a result, the report calls for a ban on electronic shelf labels to protect consumers and workers. The labels are currently being implemented in grocery stores across states such as New Jersey, Maryland, and Connecticut.
Written for “Electronic Shelf Labels Impact” on 2026-09-09,
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The universal adoption of electronic shelf labels in grocery stores across the US could cost tens of thousands of jobs and billions of dollars in lost wages while further driving up grocery costs, according to a report released on Tuesday.
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adoption → cost → Tuesday
An analysis by the AFL-CIO Tech Institute of the label manufacturers’ own marketing materials found the universal adoption of electronic shelf labels, which are marketed to retailers as a cost-cutting measure, could cost workers between $1.6bn to $6.9bn in lost wages annually and affect between 44,223 and 191,633 jobs.
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which → find → jobs
The policy brief – Priced Out, Pushed Out: Electronic Shelf Labels Raise Prices and Shrink Paychecks – calls for a ban on electronic labels to protect consumers and workers.
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Labels → price → consumers
Manufacturers have hailed the labels as a way to collect massive amounts of personal data from customers, increase profits, and cut labor costs.
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Manufacturers → hail → costs
The report argues that electronic shelf labels use the same pricing systems that allow dynamic pricing – price changes such as increasing allergy medication prices when pollen counts are high – to surveillance pricing, changing prices based on personal data.
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that → argue → data
These technologies are being implemented across the US retail industry at a time when food prices have surpassed inflation and wage gains, increasing 33% over the past seven years.
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prices → implement → years
“Through our analysis, we found that the implementation of electronic shelf labels are likely going to drive prices even higher.
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implementation → find → prices
The reason being that these labels are connected to the same algorithmic pricing software that online retailers are already using,” said Sunny Glottmann, policy and programs managers at the AFL-CIO Tech Institute and co-author of the report.
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Glottmann → connect → report
“Electronic shelf labels create the infrastructure that would make rapid algorithmic price changes easier to implement at scale, and this raises concerns for consumers that are already struggling with grocery costs.”
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that → create → costs
The report comes as several states have begun introducing legislation to ban surveillance pricing and electronic shelf labels.
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states → come → pricing
In April, Maryland became the first state in the US to ban surveillance pricing.
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Maryland → become → pricing
Connecticut signed a ban into law in June and New Jersey signed a ban into law in July.
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Jersey → sign → July
Electronic shelf labels “enable instantaneous price changes”, said Lauren McFerran, executive director of the AFL-CIO Tech Institute and former chairman of the National Labor Relations Board.
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McFerran → enable → Board
“This is a technology that both is enabling this kind of ‘how do we extract the absolute most money out of grocery shoppers that is humanly possible’ and ‘how do we squeeze our workers as much as is humanly possible’,” said McFerran.
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McFerran → enable → workers
A May poll released by the United Food and Commercial Workers union found 68% of Americans believe surveillance pricing will increase grocery costs and 65% say digital price tags will do the same.
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tags → release → same
Some 67% support banning digital price tags and surveillance pricing, with only 26% opposing a ban.
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% → support → ban
Ademola Oyefeso, vice-president of UFCW International, said that as retailers are implementing electronic shelf labels, the labor cuts occur gradually, with workers who typically change prices on shelves losing work hours.
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who → say → hours
“Slowly, if someone has a full-time job or a part-time job, they go from full-time to part-time, from part-time to no time, and that’s what’s going to start happening across the entire industry,” said Oyefeso.
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Oyefeso → have → industry
“We have gone with paper labels for over 100 years.
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We → go → years
It’s worked.
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It → work → ?
It’s the trust stores have built with people.
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stores → ’ → people
I know [that] you and I are paying the same price.
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you → know → price
“If we come there on Monday, you and I are going to pay the same price on Monday, on Tuesday, on Wednesday.”
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you → come → Wednesday
Oyefeso said workers are also consumers, and that electronic shelf labels allowing price changes to occur multiple times a day.
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changes → say → ?
In December, Instacart ended a pilot program practice that allowed retailers to charge online shoppers different prices for the same products after an investigation by Consumer Reports and Groundwork Collaborative found grocery prices could differ by as much as 23% between customers.
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prices → end → customers
“ESLs are the embodiment of surge pricing and surveillance pricing,” Oyefeso said.
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Oyefeso → say → pricing
“Shelf labels allow grocery shopping to become airline ticket shopping.”
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shopping → allow → ?
