Eucalyptus recurva, also known as the Mongarlowe mallee or ice-age gum, is critically endangered with only six plants remaining in the wild near Canberra, Australia. Conservationists estimate these ancient trees to be between 3,000 and 6,000 years old and are working to clone them through grafting techniques at the Australian National Botanic Gardens to prevent their extinction due to reproductive challenges and geographic isolation.
Written locally by qwen2.5:14b on 2026-10-04,
using this article's own text rather than the other coverage of the
same event (that is the story summary below).
Story summary
Eucalyptus recurva, known as the Mongarlowe mallee or ice-age gum, is one of Australia's rarest eucalypts with only six plants left in the wild near Canberra. Conservationists fear its extinction due to isolation preventing natural reproduction. Genevieve Wright from NSW’s Saving Our Species program described it as a "botanical curiosity" and estimated some specimens are between 3,000 and 6,000 years old. Peter Bredell of the Australian National Botanic Gardens considers this tree an ancient remnant species that could face extinction if current plants die out. To ensure survival, conservationists have been cloning these trees by grafting wild cuttings onto hybrid Eucalyptus recurva rootstock in nurseries, a process that involves preventing cross-pollination with other eucalypts to maintain genetic purity.
Written for “Tree Conservation EffortsClone Rare S…” on 2026-10-05,
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Gum trees are synonymous with Australia, but only a handful of people have ever seen the Eucalyptus recurva.
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handful → see → recurva
Known as the Mongarlowe mallee or ice-age gum, only six plants have been discovered in the wild, just south of Canberra.
"When it was first found, it was a real botanical curiosity," said Genevieve Wright, a senior threatened species officer with the NSW Saving Our Species program.
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Wright → know → program
Their age, based on the growth of the woody lignotuber of the largest specimen, is estimated to be between 3,000 and 6,000 years old.
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age → base → specimen
"It's got these really small, beautifully recurved leaves,"Ms Wright said.
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Wright → get → ?
Peter Bredell is a senior conservation horticulturist at the Australian National Botanic Gardens (ANBG) in Canberra and said his first reaction when he saw the gum was "that's not a eucalypt".
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that → say → gum
But he said the tree was probably Australia's rarest and most threatened eucalypt.
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tree → say → ?
"We think that it's really the last six of an ancient, remnant species that was around back in the ice age," Mr Bredell said.
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Bredell → think → age
"If anything happens to those plants, we're really facing an extinction of the species.
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we → happen → species
"
'No future' without intervention
Reproducing the tree has been a collaborative and coordinated effort between a team of ecologists and horticulturalists.
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Reproducing → reproduce → ecologists
"There are no wild seeds," Mr Bredell said.
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Bredell → be → ?
"The remaining six plants are too far apart to naturally reproduce in the wild, so it really has no future and is facing extinction without intervention."
Over decades, the teams have worked together and have successfully cloned the trees by grafting wild cuttings onto hybrid Eucalyptus recurva rootstock in the nursery at the ANBG.
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teams → remain → ANBG
"The result is that we now have multiple copies of four of the six wild plants safely here as an insurance population," Mr Bredell said.
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Bredell → have → population
Tree can take decades to flower
To conserve the species, conservationists must get the flowers to bloom, pollinate, fruit and produce genetically pure, viable seeds.
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flowers → take → seeds
Flowering is fickle in this species and can take up to 20 years.
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Flowering → flower → years
"You can have one individual flowering in one year instead of all six.
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individual → have → six
So, it's very hard to get the timing right," Ms Wright said.
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Wright → get → ?
The ANBG is trialling a growth regulator to try to help the gums flower sooner.
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gums → trialle → regulator
But even then, keeping the genetics true means being a gatekeeper to pollinators.
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keeping → keep → pollinators
"We're going to have to make sure that no pollinating insects get to the flowers because they'll bring pollen from other eucalypts that will cause hybrids," Mr Bredell said.
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Bredell → go → hybrids
Delivering this project will take decades of dedication, but the team has put down roots and is sticking with it.
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team → deliver → it
"I think it would be hard for anyone to walk away from Australia's most unique eucalypt and just say, 'Sorry, you're gone,'"Mr Bredell said.
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Bredell → think → eucalypt
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