Kyle, Texas — Kenney Blewett was diagnosed with lung disease more than a decade ago but started experiencing flare-ups this year that made him feel like he couldn't breathe.
asserted
he → diagnose → ups
Blewett described those flare-ups as "the scariest thing in the world," said his wife, Cindy, adding that while the episodes typically lasted no more than a few minutes, they had become more frequent.
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they → describe → minutes
On top of that, simple tasks, like taking out the trash, left Blewett winded.
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tasks → take → Blewett
He rarely left the house and had recently lost 45 pounds.
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He → leave → pounds
"That sounds like cancer," Cindy remembered one of his doctors said.
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one → sound → doctors
It was clear, she said, that her husband's poor health, tied to decades of smoking, was getting worse.
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health → say → smoking
That's why, on June 2, Blewett's pulmonologist wrote him a prescription for a new medication to improve the terrifying breathing issues caused by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or COPD.
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pulmonologist → write → disease
But the prescription wasn't immediately filled.
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prescription → fill → ?
Two days after that doctor appointment, Blewett received an email from Walgreens explaining that, "due to an insurance issue that we're working to resolve," the medication was delayed.
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medication → receive → that
"He was hopeful that it would work," Cindy said of the drug, two months after her husband's death.
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Cindy → work → death
"I wish we had the chance to find out."
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we → wish → chance
Insurance delays and denials have become an infamous feature of the American healthcare system, with nearly 7 in 10 adults calling them "a major problem," in a January KFF Health Tracking Poll.
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adults → become → Poll
In June 2025, six months after UnitedHealthcare's CEO was shot in New York, the Trump administration announced a highly publicized industry pledge, signed by dozens of major health insurers, to remove some of the barriers that block or delay patients from accessing doctor-recommended care.
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that → shoot → care
And yet that pledge was voluntary, and it carries no penalties if companies fail to comply.
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companies → carry → penalties
Indeed, a report published by KFF Health News in July found that some insurers that signed the pledge would not implement all the promised initiatives as originally outlined.
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that → publish → initiatives
In recent years, lawmakers in most states, including Texas, have attempted to address delays and denials by regulating the insurance industry in the absence of substantial federal reform.
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lawmakers → include → reform
But most health insurance plans, including traditional Medicare policies and employer-sponsored offerings, which together cover more than half of all Americans, typically aren't under state jurisdiction.
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which → include → jurisdiction
Even some medical office staff and pharmacy employees find the patchwork of state and federal insurance rules and regulations confusing, a problem that is poised to become more complicated as artificial intelligence plays a larger role in approving and processing claims.
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intelligence → find → claims
"It's just gotten completely out of hand," said Matt Toresco, CEO of Archō, a patient advocacy and consulting company.
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Toresco → get → Archō
He argued that patients need more assistance facing insurance hurdles.
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patients → argue → hurdles
The Blewetts' story illustrates how navigating these complexities remains a herculean task for patients and their caregivers.
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navigating → illustrate → patients
Cindy has sought answers from Medicare, Kenney's private Part D drug plan, his pulmonologist's office, and Walgreens.
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Cindy → seek → Medicare
She still has questions about who was responsible for the medication delay and how the holdup could have been prevented.
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holdup → have → delay
If the COPD flare-up Blewett experienced on the afternoon of Sunday, June 7, could have been avoided, she wondered, would he still have chosen to die by suicide that night?
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he → experience → suicide
"Complex and convoluted"
During that first week of June, Cindy said her husband repeatedly asked if his prescription — a liquid medication meant to be inhaled through the nebulizer machine Kenney owned — was ready to be picked up from Walgreens.
Cindy said she wasn't initially surprised or worried by the delay.
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she → say → delay
Since its acquisition by a private equity firm last year, Walgreens has cut thousands of jobs across the country, according to the Private Equity Stakeholder Project.
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Walgreens → cut → Project
Cindy said in August that their Walgreens pharmacy in Kyle seemed to her to have been understaffed for months, and that prescriptions were being filled more slowly.
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prescriptions → say → months
When Cindy called the pharmacy a few days after Kenney's appointment to find out more about the insurance delay, she said, a Walgreens employee told her the prescription required prior authorization.
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prescription → call → authorization
Also called preapproval or precertification, prior authorization is a practice widely used by health insurers that requires medical providers to seek permission before their patients may receive covered treatment.
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patients → call → treatment
But Cindy didn't know which of Kenney's insurers required prior authorization for this medication.
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which → know → medication
For years, she had helped manage multiple policies on behalf of her husband.
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she → help → husband
Kenney was insured by Medicare Parts A and B, the federal health insurance program for people 65 and older or with disabilities.
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Kenney → insure → disabilities
But he also had a private Part D plan to cover drug costs through Wellcare Value Script, as well as a Medicare supplement plan through Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Texas — also called a "Medigap" plan — that paid for other out-of-pocket costs.
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that → have → costs
Initially, Cindy assumed that Kenney's Part D plan had invoked prior authorization for his new medication.
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plan → assume → medication
But because it was a liquid that is inhaled through a nebulizer machine, this drug was one of relatively few covered by Medicare Part B's durable medical equipment benefit, not Part D.
The federal government had no record showing that this prescription had been billed to Kenney's Part B policy, the Medicare agency told Cindy over the phone, she said.
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she → inhale → phone
Sarah Tanner and Myriea Amaya, spokespeople for Centene, Wellcare Value Script's parent company, would not answer questions for this article.
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Tanner → answer → article
After Kenney's death, when Blewett sought clarification at the Walgreens pharmacy, she said the employee "kept saying different things."
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employee → seek → things
She recalled his explaining that the prescription was submitted to Medicare Part B but without a necessary diagnostic code that the doctor should have included.
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doctor → recall → that
Carmen Lopez, a spokesperson for Walgreens, told KFF Health News in late-September that the company "cannot comment on matters involving specific individuals."
Subsequently, Cindy said, a district pharmacy supervisor for Walgreens reached out by phone, and told her the pharmacy tried to process the prescription through Part B on June 2, the same day as the pulmonologist appointment, but that the prescription was missing a diagnostic code from the physician.
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prescription → tell → physician
The supervisor said Walgreens sent a request for that code to the pulmonologist's office later that day, Cindy recalled.
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Cindy → say → office
…and 22 more, not listed.
The Aporia
