The death of a talented teenaged boxer - who died after taking a cocktail of hard drugs including ketamine - has prompted a coroner to issue a warning about the prevalence of the powerful tranquiliser.
asserted
who → die → tranquiliser
Calum Naylor, 18, had been on a drink and drugs binge with workmates when he was turned away from a lap-dancing bar - because he was under 21.
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he → turn → 21
His co-workers instead gave him £80 and told him to 'enjoy yourself' so the teenager headed to a pub and then on to a house party in Notting Hill, where he drank vodka and snorted lines of ketamine.
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he → give → ketamine
Friends were unable to wake him the following morning and an ambulance was called but he died later in hospital.
Mr Naylor's death prompted senior coroner, Professor Fiona Wilcox, to issue a stark warning about the dangers of ketamine, currently a Class B drug said to be used by around 270,000 people in England and Wales.
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death → wake → England
She said: 'Our young people seem to be taking these drugs with abandon.
'
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people → say → abandon
It is terrifying to hear people talking about Calum "just being in a K-hole" or people taking "a little bit of ketamine" - there is no "little bit".
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people → hear → ketamine
That is the sort of thing that keeps people with more medical experience up at night.'
Callum Naylor died aged 18 on December 7, 2024, after taking a cocktail of hard drugs
Mr Naylor had been a talented boxer as a child and had tryouts for the England schoolboys team
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Naylor → keep → team
West London Coroners' Court heard that on December 6, 2024 - the day before he died - Mr Naylor, from Islington, had been drinking in London with work colleagues and had accompanied them to a strip club.
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Naylor → hear → club
After being knocked back by door staff, he then arranged to meet a friend, Jackson Rigby, at Vauxhall Station in south London, before heading to nearby Victoria station, to meet another friend, Oscar Fremanis.
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he → knock → friend
In a statement, Mr Fremanis said: 'Calum had told us he'd been doing pink cocaine, which is a mixture of cocaine, MDMA, ketamine and Viagra.
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which → say → cocaine
He looked intoxicated.
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He → look → ?
The three young men then spoke to acquaintances Tristan-Jacob Attack-Omoruyi and Zeb Tucker before heading to Kingston-upon-Thames to drink at The Mill pub.
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men → speak → pub
Mr Rigby said the group played pool, but Mr Naylor kept going to the toilets which he thought meant that he was taking drugs including ketamine and Xanax, a strong sedative.
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he → say → ketamine
At The Mill, they bumped into some other friends and one of their dads offered to give the group a lift home.
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one → bump → lift
However they wouldn't take Mr Fremanis or Mr Naylor on account of how intoxicated the pair were.
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pair → take → account
Instead, they went to a house party they had been told about, hosted by 17-year-old Sebastian 'Bas' Parkes, whose parents were away.
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parents → go → Parkes
They got to the £915,000 mews house in Ruston Mews in Notting Hill at around 2am on December 7.
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They → get → December
The court heard that attendees at the party saw Mr Naylor was clearly intoxicated, but drank some vodka and snorted some ketamine before going for a lie down on a bed where other guests were sleeping.
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guests → hear → bed
Mr Fremanis added: 'Calum was unaware and slow, he was just in a K-hole, like he was in a kind of trance from the ketamine.'
At that point, he went to sleep, only to be woken up later.
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he → add → sleep
Just before 6am that day, Mr Parkes decided it was time to get people out of the house and went around trying to wake people up.
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it → decide → people
Friends said that Mr Naylor had started taking drugs as he got older and could become 'very slow'
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he → say → drugs
The youngster had stopped boxing after being given an apprenticeship as a plasterer on film sets
The teenager couldn't wake Mr Naylor up and said his skin looked grey and he was cold to the touch.
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he → stop → touch
He then asked another partygoer, Xavier Page, to help take Mr Naylor to another room.
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He → ask → room
Although the pair managed to drop his legs on the floor, there was no response and, once he was put on the bed, they tried pouring water on him.
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they → manage → him
At about 6.40am the London Ambulance Service were called and, on the advice of the call handler, Mr Page and Mr Parkes started performing CPR.
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Page → call → CPR
An ambulance arrived shortly after and paramedics got to work on Mr Naylor, who was in cardiac arrest.
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who → arrive → arrest
Paramedics were able to get his heart beating again, but he remained unconscious and was taken to Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, where he died that evening.
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he → get → Hospital
Cardiac expert and paramedic Mark Faulkner told the court that even if the ambulance had been called at around 6am – when, he said, the evidence suggested Mr Naylor went into cardiac arrest – it would still have been too late to save him.
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it → tell → him
He said: 'They would have needed to have called the ambulance hours before he entered into cardiac arrest.'
Mr Faulkner said that Mr Naylor's death was indicative of the dangers of mixing ketamine and cocaine.
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death → say → ketamine
'There is no antidote,' he told the inquest.
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he → be → inquest
Toxicology tests found the teen had ingested a combination of Xanax, ecstasy, cocaine and ketamine.
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teen → find → Xanax
Mr Naylor's mother Kelly Gorman told the court that her son was a 'kind' person who always made sure people felt included.
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people → tell → court
He had been boxing since he was eight, had tryouts for the England schoolboys boxing team and went by the nickname Calum 'No Fear' Naylor.
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he → box → nickname
'That was a great nickname for him, because he did everything without fear,' Ms Gorman said.
'
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Gorman → do → fear
He was a loving boy.'
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He → love → ?
Mr Naylor had put his boxing career on hold after being given an apprenticeship as a plasterer on film sets.
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Naylor → put → sets
'He wanted to do a good job, and people liked him there,' Ms Gorman said.
'He was always friendly and ready to help.'
Mr Rigby, who had known Mr Naylor for three years, said his friend had previously had a rigorous health and fitness regime but a darker side had crept in after he attended the Reading Festival in August 2023.
He saw him the day before he died and told the court: 'Calum had started taking drugs, particularly ketamine and cocaine.
'
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Calum → want → drugs
Sometimes he'd do it in front of his friends, but sometimes he'd start doing it on his own, so people wouldn't think he was an addict.
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he → do → own
'He used to get really monged out, he'd be very slow.
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he → use → ?
'He'd started eating from the chicken shop all the time and he was drinking a lot of Red Bull, as well as taking drugs.
'
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he → start → drugs
…and 3 more, not listed.
The Aporia
